Solution Q.1.

Which of the following describes the Rutherford model of the atom?

A. It was known as "the plum pudding model".
B. It had a nucleus of protons and neutrons with electrons orbiting it.
C. Electrons emit a photon of light as they drop to a lower energy level.
D. It had a positively charged nucleus with electrons orbiting it.

Answer: D

Rutherford's model of the atom consisted of a small positive nucleus that contained most of the mass of the atom and negatively charged electrons orbiting the nucleus.
It is often called the planetary model because it resembles the planets orbiting the Sun.
Neutrons were not discovered until several years after Rutherford proposed his model so Rutherford did not specify the composition of the nucleus.
Bohr modified Rutherford's model by proposing that electrons could only orbit in certain allowed orbits. They could absorb energy and orbit in a higher energy level but would then release a fixed amount of energy as they returned to their lower energy level.
Thomson's plum pudding model consisted of a sphere of positively charged fluid with negatively charged electrons embedded in it "like plums in a pudding".


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